Patriarch Filaret (1554 - 1633).

Father of Tsar Mikhail Romanov. The accession of Mikhail Romanov and the enthronement of the patriarch marked the restoration of Russian statehood. In his early years, Fyodor Romanov did not think about monasticism and the spiritual path. Boyarin (from 1586), one of the first dandies in Moscow, the son of the influential Nikita Zakharyin-Yuriev, nephew of Queen Anastasia, the first wife of Ivan IV the Terrible, he was considered a possible rival of Boris Godunov in the struggle for power after the death of Fyodor Ioannovich in 1598. In the 1590s, he held a number of government and military posts: he was the governor of Pskov, participated in negotiations with the ambassador of the Emperor Rudolf II, served as a voivode in a number of regiments. to the Moscow throne, in 1600 he was exiled. He himself and his wife Ksenia Ivanovna Shestova were forcibly tonsured into monks under the names "Filaret" and "Martha", which should have deprived them of their rights to the throne. Their only surviving son, Mikhail Fedorovich, was subsequently elected tsar in 1613. As the sovereign's parent, he was officially his co-ruler until the end of his life. He used the title “Great Sovereign” and a completely unusual combination of the monastic name “Filaret” with the patronymic “Nikitich”; in fact, he was in charge of Moscow politics.