The picture is a scroll. "Qingming Festival on the Bianhe River" (5)

Kaifeng city is the city of the "seven ancient capitals" of China, 9 emperors chose this city as their capital.
The foundation of the city dates back to 364 BC. BC, it was built as the capital of the Wei (魏) kingdom. During this time, a large number of irrigation canals were built around the city, which connected to the Yellow River basin. When 225 BC. e. the Wei state was conquered by the Qin kingdom, the city was destroyed and abandoned.
Almost a thousand years later, at the beginning of the 7th century, Kaifeng regained its commercial importance.
Kaifeng from 1013 to 1127 became the main center of trade and industry of the country. The population is estimated at 600-700 thousand people becoming the largest city in the world.

Four main channels intersect here. The city is surrounded by three rings of walls. The perimeter of the wall of the Outer City of the Eastern Capital is more than forty li (more than 20 km).
The pre-gate wall is three-tiered, the gates are located strictly opposite the gates - these are the main gates, the imperial road passes through them. The city is crossed by four waterways, along which, under the Song, tax collections from the provinces (mainly grain) were delivered to the capital of the empire. All rivers and canals had sluices. The most remarkable among these locks is Vostochny, which, according to the description, was a whole complex of structures: “... the lock stands on its (Bianhe) channel and has an iron gate, which sinks into the water with the onset of night, and on both banks ( Bianhe) there is a special gate for the passage "